Integrating Local and Regional Influences: Transforming Commercial Design

Let's refresh ourselves with commercial design and what happens when local and regional influences are embraced. Thorough research is key here, as understanding the local culture, history, traditions, and architectural styles provides a rich foundation for authentic design. This deep dive informs the entire process, ensuring that the final product truly represents the local flavor. Plus, engaging in collaborative discussions with business owners allows for the incorporation of specific elements that resonate with the community.

So, how do we bring these local influences to life? One effective strategy is to use traditional building materials like locally sourced wood or stone. Adding unique regional architectural elements also makes a big impact. Art and décor play a starring role too. By collaborating with local artists to source artwork, sculptures, and crafts, designers can create focal points that add character and tell captivating stories. Choosing a color palette and textures that evoke a sense of place further enhances the connection to the local culture.

Integrating local and regional influences doesn't stop at aesthetics; it extends to practical design and building strategies as well. Space planning focuses on optimizing functionality and efficiency, creating seamless and well-utilized layouts. Lighting design is another crucial aspect. Techniques that highlight specific design elements, create ambiance, and evoke a sense of place are key. For instance, using warm, soft lighting to mimic natural regional lighting or incorporating fixtures inspired by local traditions can transform a space into an immersive experience.

Cultural influences are powerful shapers of architectural styles, color symbolism, spatial arrangements, and decorative elements. Take Japanese architecture, for example, which emphasizes harmony with nature and minimalism. Contrast that with the ornate detailing and grandeur of Gothic architecture in Europe. Understanding the cultural significance of color and spatial arrangements helps designers create spaces that truly resonate with their audience. Decorative elements like artwork, textiles, and furnishings reflect cultural identity, adding authenticity to the design.

Preserving cultural heritage through responsible design practices, such as conservation and adaptive reuse, is essential. Community involvement and balancing preservation with modern development are crucial for sustainable cultural heritage. Cross-cultural influences in modern architecture celebrate diversity and promote cultural exchange. Embracing technology helps preserve traditions and educates future architects on the importance of cultural heritage.

Cultural factors heavily influence building design, from symbolic elements to material choices. The purpose of buildings often reflects societal values, and the materials used can indicate the climate and resources of a region. Site context and planning play crucial roles in shaping these insights and guiding the incorporation of new design elements. Practical considerations such as space planning and building strategies are also influenced by local context. Optimal functionality and efficiency in layout design are achieved by aligning with local spatial norms and user behaviors. For instance, American buildings typically have a shorter lifespan and use materials like drywall, while Portuguese buildings use hollow bricks and clay tiles for longevity.

Consider the Parthenon in Greece, which celebrates the worship of Athena and has influenced modern architectural designs. Contemporary architecture embraces cultural inclusivity, blending elements from various cultures to symbolize unity and acceptance of diversity. Recently, green architecture has emerged, focusing on sustainability and mitigating climate change.

Cultural and ethnic influences in design promote cross-cultural dialogue and understanding. By engaging with diverse cultures and learning from their design traditions, designers create spaces that transcend boundaries and bridge cultural divides. This fosters unity, diversity, and inclusivity in the global community. Embracing local and regional influences in commercial design not only enhances authenticity and customer connection but also preserves and celebrates the rich cultural heritage that shapes our built environment.

Design Spectrum: Striking the Balance

In the design world, minimalism and maximalism stand as opposing forces, each embodying distinct philosophies and aesthetic ideals. Minimalism advocates for simplicity and functionality, embracing the concept of "less is more" by favoring clean lines, neutral colors, and uncluttered environments to foster a serene atmosphere. On the other hand, maximalism thrives on extravagance and diversity, delighting in the lavish combination of patterns, textures, and hues to amplify visual impact and stimulate the senses. Despite their differences, both paradigms offer compelling approaches to design, each with its allure, guiding principles, and passionate followers.

Minimalism, characterized by simplicity and functionality, champions the mantra "less is more," prioritizing clean lines, open spaces, and clutter reduction. Its defining features include a neutral palette, simplicity, functionality, clean lines, and a focus on space.

An exemplary instance of minimalism in architectural design is found in the "Farnsworth House," conceived by architect Ludwig Mies van der Rohe. Nestled in Plano, Illinois, this renowned edifice embodies minimalist principles through its straightforward geometric shapes, sleek lines, and emphasis on utility. Elevated gracefully on slender steel columns, the dwelling boasts an open layout and expansive glass walls, seamlessly melding interior and exterior realms. Inside, adornment is kept to a minimum, with a muted color scheme fostering a tranquil and balanced living space. The Farnsworth House serves as a testament to how minimalist architecture achieves purity, sophistication, and enduring appeal.

Maximalism, as a design philosophy, revels in abundance and extravagance, presenting a rich tapestry of diversity, patterns, and colors. At its core, maximalist design incorporates an eclectic array of furniture, vibrant color palettes, daring patterns, texture-rich compositions, and opulent accents.

A quintessential illustration of maximalism in architecture is Antoni Gaudí's magnum opus, the Sagrada Família in Barcelona, Spain. This basilica epitomizes maximalism with its lavish facades, intricate sculptures, and vibrant interplay of color and texture. Gaudí's design incorporates a plethora of architectural motifs drawn from nature, religion, and Catalan heritage, resulting in a visually captivating and elaborate masterpiece. The exterior facade is adorned with elaborate carvings, soaring spires, and a kaleidoscope of vivid ceramic tiles, providing a sensory feast for visitors. Inside, natural light floods through stained glass windows, illuminating the meticulously adorned columns, vaults, and ceilings, creating a space brimming with elaborate embellishments. The Sagrada Família encapsulates the essence of maximalism in architecture, where every surface is adorned with intricate details, offering an immersive and awe-inspiring experience.

Despite their seeming opposition, minimalism and maximalism can coexist harmoniously. Contemporary design trends showcase the rise of "maximalist minimalism" or "minimalist maximalism," where designers artfully blend elements from both styles to find a delicate equilibrium. By integrating maximalist features into minimalist environments or introducing minimalist touches into maximalist spaces, designers craft exteriors and interiors that radiate personality, coziness, structure, and tranquility.

Ultimately, successful design revolves around authenticity and self-expression. Whether one embraces the boldness of maximalism, the serenity of minimalism, or a fusion of the two, the primary aim is to create a space that reflects individual tastes and preferences. In the world of design, rigid distinctions give way to endless possibilities, fostering exploration and innovation in the quest to shape spaces that truly feel lightweight and peaceful.

Marking Milestones: Celebrating 15 Years of Architectural Excellence

In the dynamic landscape of architectural design, evolution is not just inevitable; it’s essential. Over the past few years, our firm has undergone a remarkable transformation, guided by our unwavering commitment to building strong relationships and delivering exceptional service. We’ve expanded our reach, tackled projects both big and small, and embraced a client-centric approach that drives everything we do. Today, as we celebrate our anniversary, we celebrate not just our growth but the values, designs, and clients that inspire us every day.

Reflecting on the past 15 years, we’re reminded of the challenges, triumphs, and creative explorations that have shaped our identity. From groundbreaking projects to innovative design solutions, each milestone has contributed to our firm’s narrative. Revisiting the highlights of the past 15 years, we’ve pushed the boundaries of architectural excellence and redefined what’s possible in the built environment.

Our portfolio stands as a testament to our unwavering vision, meticulous craftsmanship, and relentless pursuit of innovation. From the rejuvenation of iconic landmarks to the creation of sustainable havens, every project exemplifies our dedication to pushing boundaries and exceeding expectations. Whether it’s the transformation of a historic edifice into the enchanting FarmHouse Collective in Riverside, California, where innovation meets sensory delight, or spearheading the eagerly anticipated Dana Point Harbor redevelopment in Southern California, our projects resonate with a spirit of excellence and endless possibility.

As we look ahead to the future, we’re brimming with excitement for the journey ahead. With a focus on sustainability, innovation, and community engagement, we’re poised to tackle new challenges and embark on exciting ventures. To our cherished clients, invaluable partners, and dedicated team members: your unwavering support has been the cornerstone of our success. Together, we eagerly anticipate shaping the future of architecture and leaving a positive imprint on the world. Thank you for joining us on this remarkable journey. Here’s to the next 15 years of inspiration, collaboration, and boundless creativity!

Urban Planning and Development - Architects Role

Embarking on the journey of learning urban design and development through the lens of an Architect is an exhilarating endeavor. It's a dynamic exploration that delves into the intricate interplay of architecture, planning, and community dynamics. This multifaceted pursuit unveils the pivotal role architects assume in sculpting urban landscapes fostering sustainability, vibrancy, and livability within our cities.

At its essence, urban planning and development entail crafting functional, sustainable, and visually captivating habitats for humanity. Architects kick-start this process by immersing themselves in the fundamental needs and aspirations of the communities they serve. From housing to transportation, infrastructure to public spaces, and environmental conservation, every facet demands thoughtful consideration.

Today, sustainability stands as a cornerstone in urban planning and development. Architects are at the forefront of infusing sustainable design ethos into their creations. This involves a strategic integration of energy-efficient practices, waste reduction strategies, resource conservation techniques, and environmental stewardship measures.

Navigating the labyrinth of regulations, codes, and standards is another crucial aspect architects must master. Compliance with building codes, zoning regulations, environmental statutes, and accessibility mandates is paramount. Hence, architects must remain abreast of evolving legal frameworks, ensuring seamless adherence in their design endeavors.

Yet, the hallmark of successful urban projects lies in authentic community engagement. Architects pivot into the role of facilitators, earnestly soliciting feedback, addressing concerns, and weaving community preferences into the fabric of their designs. Through public forums, workshops, and collaborative sessions, they forge a symbiotic relationship with the populace, ensuring that the final product resonates with their needs and aspirations.

In essence, the pursuit of urban design and development is not merely a professional endeavor but a transformative odyssey where architects serve as catalysts for positive change, enriching the urban tapestry with creativity, functionality, and sustainability.

Inclusive Spaces: Designing for Accessibility

Let's delve into the very essence of design consciousness – the consideration of social equity. It's more than just structures; it's a dedicated effort to uplift marginalized communities, promote social inclusion, and recognize the historical inequalities embedded in our built environment. Design, far beyond mere functionality, is a deeply emotional affair. User-centric design transforms spaces into responsibly functional realms, creating a blend of belonging and well-being. It goes beyond creating spaces; it's about crafting experiences that resonate with the soul of the user. Embracing an all-encompassing design ethos opens up fresh perspectives on our engagement with the constructed environment. It's a game-changer, ushering in novel insights into the intricate dance between human interaction and the space we inhabit. The configuration of spaces significantly influences our capacity to navigate, perceive, listen, and communicate with optimal efficiency. Design choices wield a profound impact on our experiential dynamics, shaping the interconnected realms of movement, vision, auditory reception, and effective communication.

Architects are orchestrating a symphony that harmonizes accessibility, universal design principles, cultural finesse, mobility and navigation innovations, and a user-centric ethos. It's about weaving an intricate tapestry that caters to the diverse needs of the human experience. The goal is to address these diverse needs and ensure inclusivity from every angle. Accessible building design, in all its facets, becomes a multifaceted gem. It's not about merely checking boxes; it's about orchestrating key elements that harmonize seamlessly. In this symphony of design, every note matters, ensuring that the collective experience is nothing short of exceptional.

However, full integration demands architects to engage in introspection, tweaking their mindset and approach for a seamless fusion of inclusivity throughout the process. Inclusive design is a cerebral affair, urging us to transcend the notion of 'typical' users. Accessibility in the design arena revolves around the art of crafting spaces, products, and services that seamlessly cater to a diverse spectrum of abilities and disabilities. It's about breaking down barriers and ensuring everyone can engage effortlessly.

Encompassing physical, sensory, and cognitive dimensions, it guarantees that everyone, regardless of their limitations, can effortlessly navigate, interact, and fully engage with their environment. In doing so, an accessibility practice allows the designer to create spaces that facilitate inclusive design. Multifamily housing is the perfect canvas, catering to the daily needs of those requiring accessible access and mobility support. Offices, retail spaces, and hotels – the epicenters of consumer and employee hustle – benefit from accessibility designs as a strategic move. Think ramps that welcome all, elevators that promote inclusivity, and tactile surfaces that communicate the language of accessibility. It's the chic way to make spaces work for everyone.

In the ever-evolving landscape of architecture, professionals are reshaping how we engage with our surroundings. It's a holistic integration of elements that redefine our built environment experience. Enter the realm of flexible layouts, multi-sensory enchantment, seamless technology integration, meticulously chosen materials, collaborative hubs, and the allure of natural lighting. These are not just features; they're the brushstrokes of a design masterpiece that transcends the conventional. Architects, in their pursuit of accessible brilliance, leave no stone unturned. Acoustic considerations, assistive devices, and a deep commitment to sustainability become integral players in our design playbook. We're all in this together. Keep the design vibes fresh with regular reviews and updates based on new codes and regulations. It's not just a design; it's a community-driven, inclusive masterpiece.

Sustainability Unveiled: The Architectural Innovation

In the realm of cutting-edge architecture, the rise of sustainable design marks a bold departure toward environmentally conscious practices. This dynamic field is all about pushing the boundaries and integrating innovative strategies to minimize ecological impacts while elevating the well-being of those who inhabit these spaces. Picture this:  from biophilic design fostering a genuine connection with nature to circular economy concepts championing resource efficiency – sustainable architecture is the avant-garde, leading a charge towards holistic and conscientious building practices.

Biophilic design is a critical player in this revolution. It enhances aesthetics as well as contributes to better indoor air quality and occupant well-being. Imagine merging this approach with intelligent systems, using advanced sensors and automation to respond to environmental conditions dynamically. This isn't just about energy efficiency; it's about aligning with the principles of biophilic design to create spaces that harmonize with both the environment and human comfort, ultimately working towards net-zero carbon footprints. Now, let's delve into some mind-blowing concepts. Ever heard of "algae-powered buildings"? Incorporating microalgae into facades not only adds visual flair but also generates bioenergy through photosynthesis, meeting the structure's energy needs. Or consider kinetic facades that dance with sunlight, optimizing daylight and heat gain. And here's a game changer: Using recycled ocean plastic in building materials not only tackles marine pollution but also adds an eco-friendly edge to your project. Imagine "living walls" with air-purifying plants enhancing indoor air quality or exploring 3-D printed architecture using sustainable materials – these are the avant-garde possibilities that make sustainable architecture a beacon of creativity, functionality, and environmental responsibility.

As we peer into the future of sustainable architecture, one thing is crystal clear:  innovation and conscientious practices will shape our built environment. Cutting-edge technologies like advanced sensors, AI, and 3D printing will redefine the possibilities of sustainable design. Architects will draw inspiration from nature, incorporating biophilic principles to create spaces that not only minimize ecological footprints but also forge a profound connection with the natural world. Circular economy concepts will transform waste into resources, promoting a regenerative approach to construction. With an emphasis on resilience, adaptability, and social sustainability, future buildings will not only weather the challenges of a changing climate but also contribute positively to community well-being. The future of sustainable architecture is a harmonious blend of creativity, technology, and an unwavering commitment to our responsibility to the planet and its inhabitants.

SMS Architects End of the Year Recap: 2023

As we bid farewell to 2023, SMS takes a moment to reflect on the incredible journey we've had throughout the year. It's been a year of challenges, triumphs, and creative exploration that has defined our identity as an architectural firm. Join us as we revisit the key milestones, Project's, and innovations that have shaped our firm's narrative over the past twelve months.

1. Project Highlights:

All of our current Projects have showcased a harmonious blend of modern design principles and sustainable solutions, creating visually striking and environmentally conscious spaces. Some of our design challenges this year consisted of discovering and implementing innovative use of materials, redefining conventional notions of spatial aesthetics, and offering a glimpse into the future of architectural excellence. These Project's stand as a testament to SMS's vision, attention to detail, and incorporation of cutting-edge technology that helps us push boundaries and set new standards in the pursuit of both beauty and functionality. Below are some of our standout Projects of 2023:

Steve Madden (South Coast Plaza, Irvine, CA) – A renovation and remodel of the existing 3,152 square feet Retail suite within the South Coast Plaza shopping center includes a new restroom and back-of-house storage.

FarmHouse Collective (Riverside, CA) – A renovation and remodel of the existing former historic Farm House Motel in Riverside, California. This Project will showcase a new Multi-Tenant Retail, Restaurant, and Entertainment facility.

Thompson (Palm Springs, CA) – A new three-story hotel with a single-story Retail, Restaurant, Hotel Office, and back-of-house located in the heart of Palm Springs will open to the public in 2024.

Mutli-Family Residential (Orange County, CA) – Multi-Family Residential Project designed as part of a comprehensive Masterplan in Orange County, which required a significant amount of new housing. This Project proposes five levels of Residential units on top of a partial Retail podium. The ground floor offers a mixture of dining and Retail, with Residential amenities and luxury units on the top four floors.

Dana Point Harbor (Dana Point, CA) – This is a 62-acre marina recreational facility renovated into a Mixed-Use urban space to provide year-round activities for residents, boaters, and the general public. This redevelopment will upgrade the amenities and facilities to address present and future demand and enhance dining opportunities, Retail, walking views, and public access ways.

Galpao Gaucho (Las Vegas, NV; San Diego, CA; Irvine, CA) – Tenant Improvement Restaurants in three different locations consist of renovating existing Restaurants into new Brazilian Steakhouses with outdoor seating.

Palm Mountain (Palm Springs, CA) – A renovation of an existing two-story Hotel Guestroom located in the heart of Palm Springs.

2. Innovations and Design Trends:

Throughout this year, our firm has embarked on a transformative journey, elevating our profile by fostering a dedicated commitment to sustainability. We have seamlessly integrated eco-friendly practices into the heart of our designs, ensuring that environmental responsibility is at the forefront of our designs. We remain at the forefront of technological advancements, leveraging cutting-edge innovations to enhance both functionality and efficiency within our Projects. Our unique architectural styles, born out of collaborative efforts with our Clients, stand as a hallmark of our commitment to innovation, setting our firm apart from others.

3. Team Achievements:

This year brought a handful of celebrations within our team member's accomplishments. We want to acknowledge the hard work and dedication that has propelled the firm forward thanks to our entire staff's significant contributions and commend two newly licensed architects.

4. Community Engagement:

This year, our firm experienced tremendous success in community engagement, fostering meaningful connections, and positively impacting the communities we serve. Our thriving community engagement endeavors not only reflect our dedication to this industry but highlight the importance we place on building a sustainable and integral business landscape. Below are some highlights of our networking and community engagements:

·         8th Annual Entertainment Experience Evolution Conference

·         NAIOP: Night at the Fights

·         Hope in Housing Gala hosted by HomeAid Orange County

·         ICSC (Las Vegas)

·         ULI

·         Restaurant Finance and Development Conference

·         Centerbuild in Phoenix, Arizona

·         Bisnow

·         CBI-Corp Business Interiors

·         The Lodging Conference in Arizona

·         SMS 525 Wine Down and Brain Picnic           

·         2023 Summer Internship

5. Thanking Clients, Partners, and Team:

We extend our heartfelt gratitude to our valued Clients, whose trust and collaboration have been the driving force behind our architectural achievements. Thank you to our dedicated Partners and Consultants, whose unwavering support has enriched our Projects and strengthened our professional bonds. And, of course, we express profound thanks to our exceptional team, whose passion, creativity, and hard work have been the cornerstone of our firm's success. Together, we look forward to continued collaboration and the realization of even greater architectural milestones.

As we eagerly anticipate the upcoming year, our firm is poised for existing opportunities and innovative Projects that will shape the future of our practice. We are enthusiastic about pushing the boundaries of design, embracing cutting-edge technologies, and furthering our commitment to sustainable and eco-friendly architecture. The year ahead holds the promise of new collaborations, challenging ventures, and the continued growth of our talented team. With a focus on creativity, Client satisfaction, and pushing the limits of design excellence, our firm eagerly looks forward to a year filled with inspiring Projects and continued success in shaping the built environment. Thank you for being part of our journey!

The Evolution of Architectural Styles: From Classical to Modern

The evolution of architectural styles throughout history is a captivating narrative that unfolds through the centuries, mirroring the dynamic interplay of cultural, social, technological, and artistic forces. From the majestic temples of ancient Greece to the sleek, innovative structures of contemporary design, each era has left an indelible mark on the built environment. Architectural styles serve as a tangible testament to the evolving aspirations, beliefs, and capabilities of societies over time. This journey, marked by transitions from the classical grandeur of antiquity to the functional purity of modernism and beyond, encapsulates the constant quest for expression, functionality, and identity in the realm of the built world. Examining this evolution provides not only a glimpse into the past but also insight into the shaping of our present architectural landscape. Here is a broad overview of the development of architectural styles during this evolution.

The transition from classical to modern architectural styles marks a profound shift in design principles, reflecting the evolving philosophies, technological advancements, and societal changes over the centuries. Classical architecture, epitomized by the monumental structures of ancient Greece and Rome, is characterized by a commitment to symmetry, proportion, and the use of classical orders. Ornate details, such as the iconic Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian columns, convey a sense of grandeur and aesthetic harmony. In contrast, modern architecture, emerging in the early 20th century, prioritizes functionality, simplicity, and a departure from excessive ornamentation. The International Style, a prominent modernist movement, embraces clean lines, open spaces, and the use of new materials like glass and steel, reflecting a stark departure from the embellishments of classical designs.

Modern architecture is undergoing a dynamic transformation as it charts a course into the future. The defining principles of modernism, which historically emphasized functionality, simplicity, and a break from ornamentation, are now evolving to address the complexities of our contemporary world. Architects are increasingly integrating sustainable design practices, leveraging advanced technologies, and exploring innovative materials. The focus is shifting towards a more holistic approach that considers not only the functionality of a space but also its environmental impact and social context. Designs are becoming more context-sensitive, with an emphasis on creating structures that foster well-being, inclusivity, and sustainability. The boundaries between indoor and outdoor spaces are blurring, and the incorporation of smart technologies is becoming more prevalent, facilitating energy efficiency and user-centric experiences. In this era of change, modern architecture is poised to redefine itself by embracing a more responsive, adaptable, and socially conscious ethos, reflecting the evolving aspirations and challenges of the 21st century.

In tracing the trajectory from classical to modern architectural styles, one discovers a captivating narrative of innovation, adaptation, and cultural expression. Classical architecture, with its emphasis on harmony and proportion, laid the foundation for centuries of design principles, influencing the grandeur of empires and the intellectual revival of the Renaissance. The evolution into the modern era witnessed a profound shift, marked by functional simplicity and a break from historical ornamentation. From the soaring Gothic cathedrals to the sleek lines of contemporary skyscrapers, each style bears the indelible imprint of its era's values and aspirations. As we stand on the cusp of the future, the synthesis of classical elegance and modern ingenuity offers a dynamic landscape for architects to navigate—a realm where tradition and innovation converge, ensuring that the built environment continues to reflect, shape, and inspire the ever-changing tapestry of human civilization.

California Haunted Architecture

The intertwining of architecture and paranormal activity often creates a captivating and enigmatic blend. Certain architectural structures, whether historic or unique in design, can become the backdrop for mysterious tales of ghosts and unexplained phenomena. With their intricate details or peculiar designs, the buildings themselves can serve as atmospheric settings for the unexplained, adding a layer of intrigue that draws visitors and enthusiasts interested in history and the supernatural. This fusion of architecture and paranormal activity showcases the enduring power of human imagination and the profound impact of the built environment on our collective fascination with the unknown. Here are some examples of architecture in California that have a darker or paranormal presence within their designs or are located in areas with a reputation for paranormal activity.

The Oviatt Building (Los Angeles, California)

This building is an exquisite representation of Art Deco architecture. This historic landmark was completed in 1982 and is renowned for its stunning design and opulent detailing. The building features iconic Art Deco elements, including ornate geometric patterns, decorative friezes, and intricate metalwork. Its lavish lobby, adorned with marble, rich wood paneling, and a grand chandelier, evokes the grandeur of the Art Deco era. While celebrated for its architectural beauty, the Oviatt Building is also associated with tales of paranormal activity. Some say that the spirit of Ned Doheny, who died under mysterious circumstances, haunts this building.

Padre Hotel (Bakersfield, California)

The Padre Hotel is a captivating blend of historical architecture and rumored paranormal activity. The hotel was originally constructed in 1928 and showcases an elegant Spanish Colonial Revival style with intricate stucco detailing, terra-cotta roof tiles, and wrought-iron accents. However, the Padre Hotel is not only celebrated for its architecture but also for the speculation of paranormal encounters. Guests and staff have shared stories of ghostly apparitions, strange noises, and other unexplained events within its walls. This convergence of architectural beauty and alleged hauntings makes the Padre Hotel an intriguing and enigmatic destination for those seeking a unique experience in Bakersfield.

The Winchester Mystery House (San Jose, California)

The Winchester Mystery House is a captivating architectural enigma. Built by Sarah Winchester, the widow of the Winchester Repeating Arms Company heir, construction on this sprawling mansion began in 1884 and continued nonstop for 38 years. The Architecture is a labyrinth of peculiar features, with staircases leading to ceilings, doors to nowhere, and hidden passageways. The mansion is said to result from Sarah Winchester’s belief that she needed to continuously build to appease the vengeful spirits of those killed by Winchester rifles. This belief has led to numerous tales of paranormal activity, including ghostly sightings and unexplained phenomena. The Winchester Mystery House is a captivating blend of architectural oddity and the supernatural.

Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel (Los Angeles, California)

Designed by architects Fisher, Lake, and Traver, the hotel features a striking Spanish Colonial Revival style. It is characterized by its ornate stucco façade, red-tiled roofs, and a beautiful, palm-lined courtyard. However, its allure doesn’t stop at its architectural grandeur; the hotel is also famous for its alleged paranormal occurrences. Guests and staff have reported ghostly encounters and unexplained phenomena, with sightings of celebrities who once frequented the hotel, including Marilyn Monroe. The hotel’s history and mysterious ambiance contribute to its reputation as one of Hollywood’s most haunted destinations, making it a must-visit for those intrigued by its architectural beauty and ghostly legends.

The Cecil Hotel (Los Angeles, California)

The Cecil Hotel is an architectural relic with a tumultuous history that has given rise to rumors of paranormal activity. Built in the 1920s, the hotel originally featured an Art Deco design, showcasing its grandeur with marble columns and opulent detailing. However, over the years, the hotel gained notoriety for its association with numerous dark events, including suicides and homicides. The infamous reputation has fueled claims of paranormal occurrences, with reports of ghostly figures and eerie experiences shared by both guests and staff. The Cecil Hotel’s architecture and its eerie past make it a magnet for those intrigued by its historical beauty and the unsettling tales of the supernatural surrounding it.

In the world of architecture, there exist structures that transcend their physical forms and enter the realm of the supernatural. The interplay between exquisite architectural design and the tales of paranormal activity weaves a captivating narrative where beauty and mystique converge. These places stand as testaments to our fascination with the unknown, inviting us to explore the intersection of the tangible and the spectral, reminding us that the spaces we create can hold secrets that go far beyond bricks and mortar, inviting us to uncover the enigmatic and the extraordinary.

FIFA Women’s World Cup Stadium Venues

The upcoming FIFA Women's World Cup will be hosted across two countries, Australia and New Zealand. This marks the first time the tournament will be hosted in multiple nations. With eleven solid stadium venues, these arenas will showcase the best of the best in Soccer, with the final game being played at the iconic Stadium Australia. This year 32 teams are competing in this tournament, with six teams competing within the first day (New Zealand vs. Norway, Australia vs. the Republic of Ireland, and Nigeria vs. Canada); the United States (hopefully they will obtain a three-peat) will play their first match against Vietnam on July 21. This event will be a month-long tournament, and the final match will be played in the iconic Stadium Australia. Let's take a look at these venues.

Melbourne Rectangular Stadium – Melbourne, Australia

Also known as the AAMI Park, it is Melbourne's first largest multi-purpose stadium in the country. Designed by C O X and completed in 2010, this stadium spans 55,480m² with a seating capacity of 30,050 seats. The allurement of this design was based on a bio frame design with interlocking geodesic dome roofs to cover the seating areas while still allowing light to penetrate through the center. Each dome is covered by thousands of programmable LED lights that display limitless colors and patterns. This year's FIFA tournament will host three games in this venue.

Stadium Australia – Sydney, Australia

Also known as Accor Stadium, this venue is one of the region's busiest entertainment and sports venues. It has become one of the largest capacity Olympic stadiums that held the 2000 Olympic Summer Games. Designed by Populous, this stadium holds a seating capacity of 118,000. The distinctive white steel trusses that supported the roof and spanned 295 meters each (half the span of Sydney's Harbour Bridge) were the essence of this stadium design. The appeal of this venue resides in the movable seating tiers on rails that have allowed this stadium to host various significant events, establishing this stadium to be the first big-scale venue to re-configure post-events. This year's FIFA tournament will host four games and the tournament's Final match.

Eden Park – Auckland, New Zealand

Designed by Populous and completed in 2010, it was a redevelopment that increased a permanent capacity of 50,000 seats with an additional temporary 10,000 seats when needed. With the increase of stadium seating, the re-orientation of the stadium allows the design to pull venue go-ers into the opposite orientation of the adjacent historical residential neighborhood that encloses the stadium and has allowed for the significant reduction of noise and light pollution to its surrounding. This year's FIFA tournament will host ten games and the first Semi-Final game for this tournament.

Wellington Regional Stadium – Wellington, New Zealand

Also known as Sky Stadium and formerly known as Westpac, it was designed by Warren and Mahoney Populous and completed in 1999. The significant circular design of this venue was enhanced by the building's external skin of horizontal striated reflective metal cladding, allowing it also to become a sculptural landmark within Wellington. This multi-purpose venue includes galleries, office spaces, and a sports medicine facility and provides a multitude of different entertainment venues. This year's FIFA tournament will host nine games.

SMS looks forward to this year's FIFA Women's World Cup tournament and continues to learn and gather design inspiration from unique designs.

Juneteenth: Design Legacy of Flow & Resilience

Juneteenth commemorates and celebrates the ending of slavery in the United States. In 1865 in Galveston, Texas, General Gordon Granger read out loud General Order Number 3, "The people of Texas are informed that in accordance with a Proclamation from the Executive of the United States, all slaves are free. This involves an absolute equality of rights and rights of property between former masters and slaves, and the connection heretofore existing between them becomes that between employer and hired laborer.” The significance of this proclamation began to grow and signify the maturity and dignity of America across the country to acknowledge and influence societies that freedom was inclusive of everyone – people of all races, nationalities, and religions.

The representation of Juneteenth continues to commemorate African American freedom, which has been long overdue. For millions in the country, Juneteenth was never a topic of discussion. We didn’t learn about this in schools as in-depth as we should have. Juneteenth was a paragraph of information in middle school that was overlooked as another form of enslavement abolished in Texas in 1865 by the Emancipation Proclamation Act. Then we quickly moved on to how this proclamation just added moral force to the Union cause and strengthened the Union both militarily and politically during the Battle of Antietam.

But the essence we want to highlight now and moving forward with this federal holiday is the representation of what Juneteenth means within the field of Architecture. Today over 113,000 licensed architects in the US are African American practitioners. The realization that Black men and women have influenced this field for a long time but have been tucked away into the shadows needs to end. At this moment, we want to explore and showcase the contributions of the Black Community in architecture.

Paul Revere Williams (1894-1980)

He was an American Architect based in Los Angeles, California. He broke racial barriers, becoming the first African American American Institute of Architects (AIA) member and a civil leader. His architectural works were within the residential design and showcased his Gregorian, Colonial, and Spanish Colonial style. He designed numerous celebrity homes, including Frank Sinatra, Lucille Ball and Desi Arnaz, Charles Correll, and Lon Chaney to name a few.

Beverly Lorraine Greene (1915-1957)

She was an American Architect based in Illinois and New York and is believed to have been the first African-American female licensed Architect in the United States. While working with Breuer, Greene assisted with the designs for the UNESCO Headquarters in Paris, France. Through all her life and career hardships, Greene impacted countless architectural designs and left an opening for numerous Black women to follow in her footsteps in design.

John Warren Moutoussamy (1922-1995)

He was the first African American Architect to design a high-rise building in Chicago, Illinois. He was best known for designing the headquarters building of the Johnson Publishing Company in downtown Chicago. His design remains the only downtown Chicago tower designed by a Black Architect. He designed multiple Chicago City Colleges and an additional handful of towers.

We still need to showcase many other African American architects because they have contributed to the design field and have all made impacts. Juneteenth will continue to break barriers within design and in every artistic field.

May Day: International Worker’s Day

When you think about 'May Day,' you probably envision people in the streets striking for better working conditions or dancing with colorful strips of fabric around a post. May Day has varying associations both historically and throughout the world. In Europe, May 1 is celebrated as a festival of ancient origins, marking the beginning of summer. The Celts of the British Isles believed May 1 to be the most important day of the year. In Greek and Roman times, it was a day to celebrate spring and specifically the goddesses over spring.

In the United States, May 1 was the birth of the 8-hour workday movement in the 19th century in Chicago. It was common for workers to work 10 to 16-hour work days in unsafe conditions. On May 1, 1886, more than 300,000 employees across the US walked off their jobs to demand an 8-hour workday, raise awareness of working people's rights, and protect workers from exploitation.

Within the design industry, advocacy for workers and their value within architecture has been a significant part of May Day. The profession often exploited workers through long work hours and low salaries. A great aspect of design is that many designers, architects, engineers, contractors, etc., are international workers. Diversity within the profession is incredibly sustainable. But many within the profession continue to fight and look for ways to expand awareness and make changes to help new and coming architects into the profession.

Today, the design industry continues to evolve and find ways to advocate for professional workers. A current primary debate is internships within architecture. For years, an internship was looked at as a rite of passage. Learning and doing everything you can within the profession for little to no pay. In 2004, certain practices began to integrate fair compensation into their internship programs, but many interns still struggle to make ends meet due to low minimum wages. Within the past two years, many interns and employees have begun to voice their frustration and concerns virtually through social media. The new unofficial labor union within architecture is unknowingly virtual. It has allowed hundreds of employees to cross borders and industries and ask questions ranging from pay, workday hours, licensure, internship experience, unethical job duties, exploitation, and even labor issues in this globalized profession.

May Day will continue to be a day of expansion and advocacy for architecture and every other profession globally. As stated by USGC LEED, "A truly sustainable building practice should – for its own interests, financial, ethical and otherwise – harbor good will, maintain a mutually financially lucrative relationship with its workers, and be able to continue fiscally, socially, and culturally, as well as ecologically. Workers’ rights and safety should be a pivotal point for any sustainability discussion:  the environment is not just the air, ground, and water, but the people with whom we work and live." It is up to us to continue to practice sustainably within our firms to create progressive working conditions for every individual within the profession.

SMS 14th Anniversary

Since our foundation in 2010, SMS Architects is not just a name of a trio of architects that decided to venture out and start a new design era. It also stands for the cumulative creative ideas and courage of every employee in the firm that has a keen eye to create a future in design by considering present local and social issues. The initial purpose of SMS Architects was to give a home to designers that could work together and create interdisciplinary artistic designs. We began to connect with Clients, colleagues, and partners through complex challenges, innovation, programmatic design solutions, and principal involvement.

Along the way, SMS Architects has grown and morphed into a full-service design firm providing architecture, master planning, interior architecture/design, space planning, programming, and historic and adaptive reuse Projects through all design and construction phases. Our “Client-Centric Firm” has committed itself to deliver Project's that reflect our Client's vision through a carefully tailored design process.

Over the past fourteen years, our firm's growth began from a dark small office space in the heart of Irvine, Ca. Within the last year, we began to showcase our expansion to a new office location and space while recreating our new logo. All of these changes have allowed our firm to look back at the different design strategies our firm has implemented, absolved, and rolled out. We are always proud to showcase that each member of the firm contributes to every phase of the Project with their core values of accountability, resiliency, commitment, honesty, and adaptability. We are proud to showcase how far this firm has come and are excited to see how far we go.

Women’s International Month - Architecture

It's always been extraordinary to recognize human beings for their hard work. And in the past few years, it has been amazing to begin seeing women's recognition worldwide, especially in design. When you think about it, recognition within architecture or construction has been minimal even to this day. And it should not just be recognized once a year during International Women's Month, but it should be recognized daily. It is not just a feminist or activist outlook to give this outpour of praise, although this is how this began.

Britannica Junior observes:

"International Women's Day was first conceived at the Second International Socialist Women's Conference in 1910. Its leaders, notably German activist Clara Zetkin, wanted to mobilize working women in a setting apart from the mainstream feminist movement, which they felt overlooked working women in favour of the bourgeois. There was not yet a fixed date for the observance, though. In 1921 Zetkin proposed the March 8 date in honour of a workers’ strike in Petrograd on that day in 1917, which marked the beginning of the Russian Revolution.” 

The concept of a day or a month to celebrate women workers originated in 1910, but it took a handful of years to pick up momentum. In 1957 Europe and France began to accept this holiday after the tensions of the Cold War. By the 1970s, American feminist groups began to celebrate International Women's Day and create an annual movement, and on March 8, 1980, it became designated National Women's History Week.

If you think about it, women throughout history have been recognized, just not on an astronomical level, as men, so we want to highlight seven women that have paved the way for women in design.

1st Building Constructed with a female Architect Lead:  1670 – 1680

Plautilla Bricci attained recognition as an Architect lead on her work for the Villa Benedetti, Elpidio Benedetti's residence outside of Rome, and the Chapel of San Luigi.

1st Woman to own an architecture firm:  1881

Louise Blanchard Bethune opened her own practice in 1881 in Buffalo, New York. It is now known as Bethune & Bethune.

1st Woman accepted into an architecture program:  1878

Mary Louisa Page became the first woman to be taken into an architecture program and attend architecture school.

1st Women Licensed in the US/Illinois:  1898

Marion Mahony Griffin became the first woman licensed Architect in the United States. She spent most of her early career working for Frank Lloyd Wright, and in 1898 she took and passed the Illinois State licensure exam for architects.

1st Nominated Award for a female Architect

1st Women's Building at the World Columbian Exposition Design Competition:  1893

Sophia Hayden, at the age of 21, won her first building design competition and $1,000. 

1st Honorary Ward of the Association of Polish Architects (SARP):  1974

Jadwiga Grabowska-Hawrylak became the first woman to earn the most prestigious architectural award in Poland; she advanced architecture in the 2nd half of the 20th century by rebuilding postwar Wroclaw.

1st Pritzker Architecture Prize:  2004

Zaha Hadid received the Pritzker Architecture Prize breaking barriers as the first woman to earn this award for her design at the Richard and Lois Rosenthal Center for Contemporary Art in Cincinnati, Ohio.

We will continue to push the boundaries regarding hard work and recognition within society and design. We proudly announce that our current SMS staff is over 60% female. This is a fantastic thing to run across, especially in a male-dominated field. The women in our office have paved their pathway to becoming crucial assets in architecture and design, and we can't wait to see what other barriers they continue to break.

Black History Month

In honor of Black History Month, we are reflecting on a few great accomplishments made by African American architects that helped significantly impact the industry of architecture.

Dana Point Harbor Revitalization

Dana Point Harbor, California

Located in Dana Point, California, this 62-acre marina-recreational facility will renovate and revitalize into a thriving mixed-use coastal destination, providing year-round activities for residents, boaters, and the general public. This revitalized harbor will upgrade amenities, facilities, dining, retail, public access ways, and walking views. Per the City of Dana Point and the County of Orange, our Project will continue to feature 119,000 square feet of a mixed-use program distributed among thirteen buildings.

This Project has become a master planning and urban design multi-phase redevelopment with the vision of a breezy, contemporary, traditional sun-kissed design that aims to increase access to the bay and ocean to diversify ecological and social life. One of the primary interests lay between the accommodation of parking and landscape features seamlessly designed to provide 1,697 parking spaces for boaters and the general public in the form of a new parking structure and surface parking.

These intricate contemporary building forms and elements will provide the necessary amenities for south Orange County with exceptional ocean views from every building by integrating a split-level pedestrian boardwalk and walkway that casually caters to the surrounding landscape. This revitalized harbor will include: seven new and six renovated buildings that will hold restaurants and retail spaces, a surf museum, renovated docks, eleven boater buildings, a new parking structure, and a new 360˚ observation tower will overlook the entire harbor. Two promenade lawns will provide hidden gems and urbanistic connections throughout the port, producing leisure and grand social activity spaces.

With the variety of façade treatments that fuse the diverse architectural styles of Dana Point, this collection of buildings will sustainably become the epicenter for dining, shopping, art, performances, and relaxation that Dana Point Harbor has to offer.

SMS Architects has moved!

Exciting things are happening at SMS Architects, and we want to share some important news with you. It is our pleasure to announce that we are expanding our business. Thank you to our Clients that have fueled our continued growth, making a move to a new facility necessary. Our new permanent office location at the Innovation Office Park in Irvine, California, allows us to serve our customers better and work with our valuable partners.

We look forward to continuing to serve your needs and working with you at our new location. Stay tuned for an official introduction to our new home!

 Our new location is:

100 Progress, Suite 250

Irvine, CA 92618

What’s New with Mass Timber Buildings?

Every three consecutive years, the California Building Codes (CBSC) updates its regulations and standards for developers and architects that must cohere to when designing a structure as well as when it's being built. And a month ago, the CBSC updated its regulations and standards for Mass Timber Buildings. Within the past couple of years, the International Building Code (IBC) only allowed for five stories of wood-frame construction in residential occupancies and six stories for business occupancies. But for the first time in 95 years, construction for mass timber buildings is now allowed to build up to 18 stories tall in California. What does this mean? This will allow for increased square footage and present clear guidelines for architects working with the material; minor incentive, but there are many other benefits for mass timber building construction for residential and business occupancies.

So, what is mass timber (structural timber)? It is engineered wood or manufactured wood that includes a range of similar wood products that bind or fix the strands, particles, fibers, veneers, and boards of wood, together with adhesives to form a composite material. Usually, the softwood is replicated to stick together and comes from conifers like spruce, fir, or pine and deciduous species like ash, birch, and beech to form larger pieces. There are a variety of products consisting of mass timber: glue-laminated (glulam) beams, laminated veneer lumber (LVL), nail-laminated timber (NLT), dowel-laminated timber (DLT), and cross-laminated timber (CLT). If you think about it, various engineered wood products are used in different variations or applications, from industrial products to home and commercial construction, because they are moisture resistant and durable.  

So, what decreased mass timber construction for the past 150 years? In the 1800s, every building was mass timber due to its quick access and handling. But during the Great Chicago Fire of 1871, wood became seen as unsafe and unstable throughout the construction industry worldwide due to the many buildings lost and over 300 lives lost. And it substantially changed the construction industry and maneuvered the change from mass timber to concrete and steel. This change then transpired in the IBC and CBSC, allowing wood-frame construction to only span up to five stories.  

Since the 2000s, mass timber construction began repopulating Europe and Austria. To date, the world's tallest mass timber structure, spanning 18 stories high and over 280 feet, was built in Norway in 2019, proclaiming the advantages of this type of construction. What would be the advantages for California now that CBSC has updated its regulations and standards? Simple. Mass-timber will significantly reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions throughout the building sector and decrease waste, pollution, and associated construction costs, while simultaneously creating more physical, psychological, and aesthetically healthy and pleasing built environments. With extensive testing throughout the past 20 years, mass timber products such as LVL, NLT, DLT, Glulam, and CLT have begun to cater to many advantages. Below is a quick list of why your next Project should consider mass timber construction.  

o    Performance in fire 

• Solid, large, compressed masses of wood are difficult to ignite due to the outer layer of mass timber. It will allow for the fire to char a predictable amount while at the same time effectively self-extinguishing and shielding the interior of the wood, allowing the mass to retain its structural integrity for several hours, especially in an intense fire.  

o    Reduces carbon emissions 

• Exchanging concrete and steel to mass timber avoids high GHG emissions compared to concrete or steel, which account for 8% of GHG emissions. 

o    Mass timber is remarkable in earthquakes. 

o    Buildings are constructed faster due to reduced labor costs and less waste. 

o    Mass timber Projects can maintain close control of construction outcomes to eliminate the need for corrections in the field and better coordination between consultants. 

o    It helps pay for good forest management on public land in the long run. 

o    Create jobs in rural areas 

o    Aesthetically pleasing 

o    Design flexibility 

In previous CBSC codes, mass timber reduced structure exposure and limited Project types. But with this new update, Type IV-A, IV-B, and IV-C timber elements do not require residential or businesses to be covered to meet code, except for concealed spaces, exterior walls, and shafts. This is major! It will continually reduce the need for materials and labor costs demanded to meet fire resistance requirements. This new revision in code will significantly impact mid-rise and high-rise Projects like multi-unit housing. Think of the possibilities this can open within a design. Mass timber will become the horizontal and vertical finish material offering biophilic benefits ranging from natural beauty, warmth, and positive economic impacts. 

Wellness Month

What is the number one thing that gets overlooked within our industry? None other than our wellness.

Being conscious of our health is supposed to be the number one thing we as humans should put as our top priority, and then everything else. Nowadays, we forget to pause and take a much-needed breather with our work weeks, from nine to five, and our full-time jobs, personal relationships, hobbies, and social life. And many of you may ask, how do we know if we've overlooked our wellness? What are the signs of burnout? What is the root of my stress? Well, you can start by looking for the most common signs of burnout related to work and reevaluate your priority within your situation, which is your overall wellness. Because when you're burnt-out or stressed, your productivity will falter tremendously. So here are some quick burnout signs to look out for:

Just the thought of work makes you stressed.

You're eating more (or less) than you used to.

You're having trouble sleeping.

You're constantly exhausted.

You don't care about the quality of your work.

You're constantly missing deadlines.

Even the most menial of tasks stress you out.

You have no energy for fun things after work.

You drink a lot of coffee.

You're increasingly impatient.

We can say that if we had never gone through the COVID-19 pandemic, we'd all be performing at our healthiest selves, but let us be honest, life is incredibly unpredictable. We were barely able

to manage unexpected forces before the pandemic. Even more so today. We are all dealing with an economic downturn, living paycheck to paycheck, public health crises, and pressing work deadlines. It feels like every week, we need to work on our fullest cylinders, even to get a simple task done. So what are we going to do about it?

Throughout July, SMS kicked off its annual National Social Wellness Month, offering employees different health challenges to boost everyone to be more active, get out of that slump, and increase our overall wellness. Life has already been stressful due to everyone's work and life balance. Still, returning to the office post-pandemic and trying to rebuild some form of normalcy, we have all delved into a slump of quick short unhealthy habits to keep us moving. It seems that we are all looking for a renewal season. Hitting that refresh button and becoming healthy again without the gimmicks it's easier to obtain now that we're not quarantined. Especially employees in our profession are burned out, on edge, and stressed from the past two years, let alone the past couple of months getting back into the groove of things, keeping up with design standards, and managing a handful of projects at once that we've developed unhealthy habits: poor sleep, little exercise movement, stress, mental health issues, dependence on food, alcohol, or medications to say the least.

Following everyone's fitness levels, we complied a few fun, relaxing experiences which we all agreed have helped increase our melatonin to relax and destress. SMS focused on three key dimensions of well-being: emotional, physical, and purpose.

Emotional

SMS provided an hour of mediation for its employees to produce positive emotions, moods, thoughts, feelings, and adaptability to stressful situations. Allowing employees to learn how to silence and calm the mind and navigate challenging life events.

Physical

SMS began its Step-Challenge to get the office out and maintain a healthy quality of life. We're still in full swing within this challenge, but let us tell you, the competition is real, and everyone has enjoyed this experience tremendously. Look out for the winner at the end of the month!

Purpose

You're more likely to feel both physically and mentally well daily if you have something to take care of. So, since we couldn't get a new puppy for every employee at work, SMS crafted a DIY Succulent activity, where we all displayed our "green thumbs" and put together our succulents to keep us company at our desks. After all, studies have shown that plants allow our brains to function at a higher rate due to photosynthesis; we breathe and provide carbon dioxide to the plant, and the plant emits oxygen to the air. It's a win-win for all those involved.

Even though these are a couple of solutions, from our company, we know everyone is going through a different situation regarding their overall wellness. It's easy to start feeling stressed and burnt out at work, but it happens to the best of us. It's okay to pause and admit that you're overwhelmed and not pretend you're okay, so you can productively and more confidently get back to the real you. Sometimes you need to vent to a trusted colleague; it's helpful. It allows you to see other perspectives of the situation, clear your head, and find a solution to your stress. Other times it's essential to figure out what's permanent and temporary. Look at your schedule; can anything be moved around? Sit down with your team and delegate doable tasks to help you meet the outstanding deadlines. Most of all, take the break! By law, every employee has the right to take two ten-minute breaks throughout the day. Go stretch your legs. Take a walk. Just breath.

Don't think about what needs to get done. Just go be, come back in ten minutes, and look how much more refreshed and productive you will be.

And if nothing helps, maybe propose to your boss a solution. They're there as a valuable asset for guidance. They will understand; they've been there. They will value you stepping forward and admitting when you need help. They want to see you thrive!

Vernacular Architecture and the Impacts of Climate Change

Climate change has altered many life events in the past twenty years. Ironically, within the past decade, the impacts of climate change have drastically impacted every country in the world. The implications that have progressed from worse air and water quality have also increased the spread of disease. Throughout the United States, extreme weather events have altered public health safety and welfare. With many hurricanes and tornadoes causing havoc in the south, vernacular design has become a staple within these communities. So what is vernacular architecture? Vernacular architecture is a local or regional construction method using traditional materials and resources from the area where the building is located. In other words, vernacular architecture uses design related to its surrounding context. It is aware of the specific geographic features and cultural aspects transmitted from person to person or generation to generation, reaffirming an identity.

Shifts in climate change impact every ecosystem, function, goods, services, and nature. Each year, millions of people have begun to succumb to the perils of climate by losing their jobs or homes when a substantial storm hits (i.e., any hurricane, tornado, or snowstorm), and they become displaced from their homes. So why haven’t we begun to integrate vernacular architecture within these regions? Retaining this during climate change is essential to live and survive. For example, in 2005, Hurricane Katrina displaced many people in the area, and one local foundation (Brad Pitt’s Make It Right Foundation), built 109 affordable vernacular homes. The goal was to create multiple dwellings through vernacular know-how, giving locals the knowledge to quickly construct homes with local materials and labor. For a couple of months, these homes were a success but eventually became a construction-related disaster from termites, rotting wood, flooding, and mold. They missed the essentials from waterproofing, overhangs, simple rain gutters that are necessary to withstand New Orleans’ subtropical climate, and heavy rainfall. So how can we take this example and create a footprint for effective vernacular architecture during climate change? 

The efficiency of performance within a design is knowledge, awareness, understanding, and intuition about the natural environment, climate, topography, natural hazards, and site suitability. To create efficient, long-lasting architecture during climate change, we need to make a process that involves empirical knowledge of the town’s tradition, community lifestyle, ritual, economics, defenses, religion, locally available materials, technology, and humanitarian assistance. 

The main goal of vernacular architecture is to recognize historic architecture and integrate man’s needs for shelter through universal design. Protection from climate, privacy, defense, nature, and social factors will always be a drive within the building process. The goal is to continue accessing knowledge and transmitting your skills and values affecting efficiency and performance to create a broad spectrum of vernacular know-how during chaotic climate change disasters. There are two different types of vernacular architecture: tropical and traditional. In either circumstance, their principles achieve the same goal of building needs. Tropical vernacular architecture uses design to adapt to local needs using available materials from the region and reflecting local traditions and cultural practices. Traditional vernacular architecture transmits from person to person verbally and at any level of society, not only by the common people, to attempt to generate energy with contemporary design and construction. Below is a shortlist of critical characteristics to achieve a solid vernacular know-how:

Orientation 

Buildings should be oriented to produce advantageous thermal conditions regarding the area in which this building will be located.

Shading 

The central aspect of vernacular architecture is overhanging eaves to increase the function of protection and favorable weather conditions.

Ventilation 

Currently, this type of character is being used more within areas like Louisiana, Florida, Texas, etc., where humidity is a significant factor and cross ventilation needs to be regulated. It is vital within hot and humid climates.

Shape + Human Movement

As with many simple designs, form is a significant factor in the spatial organization in controlling the overall performance of the building.

Materials and Façade 

During these circumstances’ materials are scarce. Access to resources at this time requires a proper understanding of the structural behavior of materials, durability, reusability, recyclability, manufacturing process or access to local retail, and transportation to construction locations.

Surrounding Context 

Your design should make sense with the rest of the natural environment. It’s okay to be disruptive as long as the design has a purpose. The main purpose of this characteristic is to design with the intent of preventing future disasters due to hurricanes, tornadoes, snowstorms, etc.

These are just a few characteristics needed to adapt design during a disaster and create a quick response. Each community is different, and the experiences and knowledge within those scales differ significantly. It’s time to reestablish the emergency assistance for effective disaster management and climate change adaptation at local scales from preparedness, response, reduction, recovery, and obtaining the knowledge transmitted through cultural aspects.